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The rapid plasma reagin test (RPR test or RPR titer) is a type of rapid diagnostic test that looks for non-specific antibodies in the blood of the patient that may indicate an infection by syphilis or related non-venereal treponematoses. It is one of several nontreponemal tests for syphilis (along with the Wassermann test and the VDRL test).
Nontreponemal tests are screening tests, very rapid and relatively simple, but need to be confirmed by treponemal tests. [1] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-approved standard tests include the VDRL test (a slide test), the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test (a card test), the unheated serum reagin (USR) test, and the toluidine red ...
The researchers failed to notify and withheld treatment for patients despite knowing penicillin was found as an effective cure for syphilis. After four years of follow-up, neurosyphilis was identified in 26.1% of patients vs. 2.5% of controls. [30] After 20 years of follow-up, 6.5% showed signs of neurosyphilis and 40% had died from other ...
The Texas Medication Algorithm Project (TMAP) [1] is a decision-tree medical algorithm, the design of which was based on the expert opinions of mental health specialists.It has provided and rolled out a set of psychiatric management guidelines for doctors treating certain mental disorders within Texas' publicly funded mental health care system, along with manuals relating to each of them The ...
An alternate, widely used classification publication is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), produced by the World Health Organization (WHO). [13] The ICD has a broader scope than the DSM, covering overall health as well as mental health; chapter 6 of the ICD specifically covers mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Depression is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, as the epidemiology has shown. [1] Lifetime prevalence estimates vary widely, from 3% in Japan to 17% in India. Epidemiological data shows higher rates of depression in the Middle East , North Africa, South Asia and the United States than in other regions and countries. [ 2 ]
Ketamine has been tested as a rapid-acting antidepressant [13] for treatment-resistant depression in bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. [14] Spravato, a nasal spray form of esketamine, was approved by the FDA in 2019 for use in treatment-resistant depression when combined with an oral antidepressant. [15] [16]
To measure treatment outcome the sum of the ten items is used. A higher score signifies deeper depression. When using the scale to diagnose depression according to ICD-10, there are the following possibilities: Mild depression: A score of 4 or 5 in two of the first three items. Plus a score of at least 3 on two or three of the last seven items.