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Shoulder impingement syndrome is a syndrome involving tendonitis (inflammation of tendons) of the rotator cuff muscles as they pass through the subacromial space, the passage beneath the acromion. It is particularly associated with tendonitis of the supraspinatus muscle. [1] This can result in pain, weakness, and loss of movement at the ...
Explicitly, LGMD preferentially affects muscles of the hip girdle, thigh, shoulder girdle, and/or upper arm. [8] [6] The muscle weakness is generally symmetric. [11] Usually, the hip girdle is the first area to exhibit weakness, [2] manifesting as difficulty walking, going up and/or down stairs, rising from a chair, bending at the waist, or ...
Weakness is symmetric, progressive, and proximal (on or close to the torso), usually affecting the hip girdle and shoulder girdle muscles. [1] [3] Hip weakness can manifest as a waddling gate. [1] Shoulder weakness can manifest as winged scapulas. [1] Muscle contractures, especially of the Achilles tendon, and scoliosis can also occur. [1]
A variety of methods may be used to diagnose axillary nerve palsy. The health practitioner may examine the shoulder for muscle atrophy of the deltoid muscle. [2] Furthermore, a patient can also be tested for weakness when asked to raise the arm. [2] The deltoid extension lag sign test is one way to evaluate the severity of the muscle weakness.
Muscle weakness can also be classified as either "proximal" or "distal" based on the location of the muscles that it affects. Proximal muscle weakness affects muscles closest to the body's midline, while distal muscle weakness affects muscles further out on the limbs. Proximal muscle weakness can be seen in Cushing's syndrome [18] and ...
Clinically this is referred to as an anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint. Not only does the arm appear out of position when the shoulder dislocates, but the dislocation also produces pain. Muscle spasms may increase the intensity of pain. Swelling and bruising normally develop, and in some cases there may be numbness and muscle weakness.
The pain may occur with shoulder movement above the horizontal position, shoulder flexion and abduction. [12] [13] Pain is often described as weakness. Actual muscle weakness does not correlate with symptoms of weakness. Symptom severity does not correlate with rotator cuff defect size and associated muscle quality. [14]
Subacromial bursitis is a condition caused by inflammation of the bursa that separates the superior surface of the supraspinatus tendon (one of the four tendons of the rotator cuff) from the overlying coraco-acromial ligament, acromion, and coracoid (the acromial arch) and from the deep surface of the deltoid muscle. [1]