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As the study of argument is of clear importance to the reasons that we hold things to be true, logic is of essential importance to rationality. Arguments may be logical if they are "conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity", [1] while they are rational according to the broader requirement that they are based on reason and knowledge.
Carl Jung developed the theory of cognitive processes in his book Psychological Types, in which he defined only four psychological functions, which can take introverted or extraverted attitudes, as well as a judging (rational) or perceiving (irrational) attitude determined by the primary function (judging if thinking or feeling, and perceiving ...
Irrationality is cognition, thinking, talking, or acting without rationality.. Irrationality often has a negative connotation, as thinking and actions that are less useful or more illogical than other more rational alternatives.
Things within the domain of rationality are either rational or irrational depending on whether they fulfill the standards of rationality. [ 10 ] [ 7 ] For example, beliefs, actions, or general policies are rational if there is a good reason for them and irrational otherwise.
The therapist resource site Therapist Aid has a free printout with 10 Socratic questions you can use to challenge irrational thoughts. Another way to learn about the approach is by reading the ...
Irrational behavior can be useful when used tactically in certain conflict, game and escape situations. The moves of an irrational opponent are not (or only very limitedly) predictable. An irrational negotiator cannot be put under rational pressure. [52] An indirect tactic is the rational use of the irrationalism of third parties.
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The last chapter of Paul Bloom's Against Empathy discusses concepts also touched in Daniel Kahneman's book, Thinking, Fast and Slow, that suggest people make a series of rational and irrational decisions. [48] [48]: 214 He criticizes the argument that "regardless of reason's virtues, we just aren't any good at it." His point is that people are ...