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A hammer toe, hammertoe or contracted toe is a deformity of the muscles and ligaments of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the second, third, fourth, or fifth toe, bending it into a shape resembling a hammer. In the early stage, a flexible hammertoe is movable at the joints; a rigid hammertoe joint cannot be moved and usually requires surgery.
Symptoms of these disorders include: fatigue, pain, lack of balance, lack of feeling, lack of reflexes, and lack of sight and hearing, which result from muscle atrophy. Patients can also have high arched feet, hammer toes, foot drop, foot deformities, and scoliosis. These symptoms are a result of severe muscular weakness and atrophy.
Corns and calluses are very common and do not look pleasant. Corns and calluses generally need treatment only if they cause problems. For most people, the best treatment of corns and calluses is to eliminate the source of friction or pressure. [5] Ingrown toe nail is a disorder where the nail starts to grow into the soft fleshy area of the toe.
However, Sharkey notes that while toe separators can help alleviate pain and symptoms related to a variety of conditions, they are not a method of reversing things like hammer toes or bunions.
Problems with balance can occur when there is a disruption in any of the vestibular, visual, or proprioceptive systems. Abnormalities in balance function may indicate a wide range of pathologies from causes like inner ear disorders, low blood pressure, brain tumors, and brain injury including stroke.
A foot deformity is a disorder of the foot that can be congenital or acquired. Above is a foot of a black boy who did not wear shoes, and below is another foot of a white boy. His feet were completely deformed due to wearing tight shoes for a long period of time. Such deformities can include hammer toe, club foot, flat feet, pes cavus, etc.
Hallux rigidus or stiff big toe is degenerative arthritis and stiffness due to bone spurs that affects the metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP) at the base of the hallux (big toe). Hallux flexus was initially described by Davies-Colley [ 1 ] in 1887 as a plantar flexed posture of phalanx relative to the metatarsal head.
This can cause ambulation impairment, such as trouble climbing stairs or maintaining balance. Gait abnormality is also common in persons with nervous system problems such as cauda equina syndrome , multiple sclerosis , Parkinson's disease (with characteristic Parkinsonian gait ), Alzheimer's disease , vitamin B 12 deficiency , myasthenia gravis ...