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Perovskite (pronunciation: / p ə ˈ r ɒ v s k aɪ t /) is a calcium titanium oxide mineral composed of calcium titanate (chemical formula Ca Ti O 3).Its name is also applied to the class of compounds which have the same type of crystal structure as CaTiO 3, known as the perovskite structure, which has a general chemical formula A 2+ B 4+ (X 2−) 3. [6]
Perovskite materials exhibit many interesting and intriguing properties from both the theoretical and the application point of view. Colossal magnetoresistance , ferroelectricity , superconductivity , charge ordering , spin dependent transport, high thermopower and the interplay of structural, magnetic and transport properties are commonly ...
Crystal structure of CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3 perovskites (X=I, Br and/or Cl). The methylammonium cation (CH 3 NH 3 +) is surrounded by PbX 6 octahedra. [13]The name "perovskite solar cell" is derived from the ABX 3 crystal structure of the absorber materials, referred to as perovskite structure, where A and B are cations and X is an anion.
The main advantages of tin-based perovskite solar cells are that they are lead-free. There are environmental concerns with using lead-based perovskite solar cells in large-scale applications; [ 1 ] [ 2 ] one such concern is that since the material is soluble in water, and lead is highly toxic, any contamination from damaged solar cells could ...
Calcium titanate is obtained as orthorhombic crystals, more specifically perovskite structure. [3] In this motif, the Ti(IV) centers are octahedral and the Ca 2+ centers occupy a cage of 12 oxygen centres. Many useful materials adopt related structures, e.g. barium titanate or variations of the structure, e.g. yttrium barium copper oxide.
Perovskite MAPbX 3 thin films have been shown to be promising materials for optical gain applications such as lasers and optical amplifiers. [137] [138] Afterwards, the lasing properties of colloidal perovskite NCs such as CsPbX 3 nanocubes, [19] [139] MAPbBr 3 nanoplatelets [113] and FAPbX 3 nanocubes [83] [82] were also demonstrated.
Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases are a type of perovskite structure that consists of two-dimensional perovskite-like slabs interleaved with cations.The general formula of an RP phase is A n+1 B n X 3n+1, where A and B are cations, X is an anion (e.g., oxygen), and n is the number of octahedral layers in the perovskite-like stack. [1]
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