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Greek cities like Ephesus or Athens flourished during the long era of peace more than ever. Though Greek, cities like Ephesus were not explicitly distinctive from Roman cities. [10] Because of the general prosperity, there was no revolt against Roman rule, which was even seen as positive.
The Roman–Greek wars were a series of armed conflicts between the Roman Republic and several Greek states.. The list includes: The Pyrrhic War (280–275 BC), which ended with the victory of the Romans and the conquest of Epirote territories in South Italy despite earlier albeit costly victories and costly by the king Pyrrhus of Epirus, since regarded as 'Pyrrhic victories' (making the ...
Crete and Cyprus were contested between the Romans and Arabs and were later taken by the Crusaders who, following the Sack of Constantinople in 1204, established the Latin Empire in Thrace and Greece. The Romans retook Constantinople and re-established control in most of the Greek peninsula, although Epirus would remain an independent splinter ...
Believing their honor and reputation on the line, Rome escalated the conflict by sending an army of Romans and Greek allies to force the issue, beginning the Second Macedonian War. [16] Surprisingly (given his recent successes against the Greeks and earlier successes against Rome), Philip's army buckled under the pressure from the Roman-Greek army.
The Roman military readily adopted types of arms and armor that were effectively used against them by their enemies. Initially, Roman troops were armed after Greek and Etruscan models, using large oval shields and long pikes.
[179] [180] The prisoners were badly treated if they were Romans, but released if they were from one of Rome's Latin allies. [174] Hannibal hoped some of these allies could be persuaded to defect and marched south hoping to win over Roman allies among the ethnic Greek and Italic states. [175] [181]
The following is a list of Roman external wars and battles [1] fought by the ancient Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire against external enemies, organized by date. For internal civil wars, revolts and rebellions, see List of Roman civil wars and revolts .
Appian wrote that the Tarentines accused the Greek city of Thurii (on the eastern coast of Calabria) of preferring the Romans to themselves even though they were Greeks, "they held its citizens chiefly to blame for the Romans overpassing the limits [of the treaty]. Then they expelled the noblest citizens of Thurii, sacked the city, and ...