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Asthma triggers are factors or stimuli that provoke the exacerbation of asthma symptoms or increase the degree of airflow disruption, which can lead to an asthma attack. [1] An asthma attack is characterized by an obstruction of the airway , hypersecretion of mucus and bronchoconstriction due to the contraction of smooth muscles around the ...
Acute severe asthma, also known as status asthmaticus, is an acute exacerbation of asthma that does not respond to standard treatments of bronchodilators (inhalers) and corticosteroids. [2] Asthma is caused by multiple genes , some having protective effect, with each gene having its own tendency to be influenced by the environment although a ...
Patients may experience dizziness, heart palpitations, hyperglycemia, diarrhea and muscle cramps when taking these medications. Importantly, medications that antagonize the β2 receptor (β-blockers) may significantly increase the risk of asthma exacerbations, and are generally avoided in asthmatic patients. [7]
Asthma is characterised, in part, by recurrent episodes of reversible airway obstruction; however, in some patients, a degree of irreversible airway obstruction develops over time, leading to lung function decline and fibrosis. Existing airway remodelling may also contribute to bronchoconstriction in acute asthma exacerbations. [1] [2]
High dosage and long-term use might lead to the appearance of common adverse effects which are growth delay, adrenal suppression, and osteoporosis. [151] Continuous (daily) use of an inhaled corticosteroid, rather than its intermitted use, seems to provide better results in controlling asthma exacerbations. [151]
During an asthma episode, inflamed airways react to environmental triggers such as smoke, dust, or pollen. The airways narrow and produce excess mucus, making it difficult to breathe. In essence, asthma is the result of an immune response in the bronchial airways. [3]