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The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main-group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas. The rule is especially applicable to carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and the halogens; although more generally the ...
Octet rule is used with Lewis structures for main group elements, especially the lighter ones such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, 18-electron rule [2] in inorganic chemistry and organometallic chemistry of transition metals, Hückel's rule for the π-electrons of aromatic compounds,
The formulae of simple oxyanions are determined by the octet rule. The corresponding oxyacid of an oxyanion is the compound H z A x O y. The structures of condensed oxyanions can be rationalized in terms of AO n polyhedral units with sharing of corners or edges between polyhedra.
In chemistry and atomic physics, an electron shell may be thought of as an orbit that electrons follow around an atom's nucleus.The closest shell to the nucleus is called the "1 shell" (also called the "K shell"), followed by the "2 shell" (or "L shell"), then the "3 shell" (or "M shell"), and so on further and further from the nucleus.
Both Lewis and Kossel structured their bonding models on that of Abegg's rule (1904). Niels Bohr also proposed a model of the chemical bond in 1913. According to his model for a diatomic molecule , the electrons of the atoms of the molecule form a rotating ring whose plane is perpendicular to the axis of the molecule and equidistant from the ...
Octet rule; Okun's law; One in ten rule; Orme's law; P. Pareto principle; Pie rule; R. Redshift (theory) Right-hand rule; Rose's law; Rule of 72; Rule of thirds; Rule ...
They therefore do not follow the octet rule, but rather a duplet rule. Chemically, helium behaves like a noble gas , and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements . However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s-block , and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element , or simultaneously both 2 and 18.
On the other hand, some compounds that are normally written with ionic bonds in order to conform to the octet rule, such as ozone O 3, nitrous oxide NNO, and trimethylamine N-oxide (CH 3) 3 NO, are found to be genuinely hypervalent. Examples of γ calculations for phosphate PO 3− 4 (γ(P) = 2.6, non-hypervalent) and orthonitrate NO 3−