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"The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information" [1] is one of the most highly cited papers in psychology. [2] [3] [4] It was written by the cognitive psychologist George A. Miller of Harvard University's Department of Psychology and published in 1956 in Psychological Review.
That presentation, "The magical number seven, plus or minus two", was later published as a paper which went on to be a legendary one in cognitive psychology. [4] Miller moved back to Harvard as a tenured associate professor in 1955 and became a full professor in 1958, expanding his research into how language affects human cognition. [4]
The Miller's law used in psychology is the observation, also by George Armitage Miller, that the number of objects the average person can hold in working memory is about seven. [4] It was put forward in a 1956 edition of Psychological Review in a paper titled "The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two". [5] [6] [7]
He researched the capacity of the working memory, discovering that people can only hold up to 7 plus or minus 2 items. He also created the term chunking when explaining how to make the most of our short-term memory. [7] Two other theorists associated with the cognitive information processing theory are Richard C. Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin ...
In an early and influential article, "The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two", [26] Miller suggested that human short-term memory has a forward memory span of approximately seven plus or minus two items and that that was well known at the time (apparently originating with Wundt). Later research reported that this "magical number seven" is ...
George A. Miller suggested that the capacity of the short-term memory storage is about seven items plus or minus two, also known as the magic number 7, [2] but this number has been shown to be subject to numerous variability, including the size, similarity, and other properties of the chunks. [3]
"The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two", a highly cited paper in psychology; The "half-your-age-plus-seven" rule; Rule of sevens, establishing age brackets for determining capacity to give informed assent or to commit crimes or torts
George Miller, former psychologist at Harvard University, believes the limits to the human brain's capacity centers around "the number seven, plus or minus two." An illustrative example of this is a test in which a person must repeat numbers read aloud. While two or three numbers are easily repeated, fifteen numbers become more difficult.