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Functional electric stimulation (FES) is a NMES technique where nerves or muscles affected by stroke receive bursts of low-level electrical current. [84] [85] [page needed] The goal of FES is to strengthen muscle contraction and improve motor control. [84] It may be effective in reducing subluxation and the pain associated with subluxation.
Functional electrical stimulation has been found to be effective for the management of pain and reduction of shoulder subluxation, as well as accelerating the degree and rate of motor recovery. Furthermore, the benefits of FES are maintained over time; research has demonstrated that the benefits are maintained for at least 24 months. [40]
Thus, a new neural pathway is formed, which improves recovery of voluntary movement. [5] Popovic has led studies investigating the use of FES in the rehabilitation of muscular function for stroke victims with extremely limited arm and hand mobility in comparison with conventional therapy.
Athlete recovering with four-channel, electrical muscle stimulation machine attached through self-adhesive pads to her hamstrings. Electrical muscle stimulation can be used as a training, [7] [8] [9] therapeutic, [10] [11] or cosmetic tool.
Peter G. Levine (December 22, 1960 – January 8, 2022) was an American medical researcher, science educator, and authority on stroke recovery.He published articles on brain plasticity as it relates to stroke, with emphasis on modified constraint induced therapy, cortical reorganization, telerehabilitation, electrical stimulation, electromyography-triggered stimulation, mental practice ...
A microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator or MENS (also microamperage electrical neuromuscular stimulator) is a device used to send weak electrical signals into the body. Such devices apply extremely small microamp [uA] electrical currents (less than 1 milliampere [mA]) to the tissues using electrodes placed on the skin.