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The principal line terms in typography. For broader context, see Typeface anatomy. In European and West Asian typography and penmanship, the baseline is the line upon which most letters sit and below which descenders extend. [1] In the example to the right, the letter 'p' has a descender; the other letters sit on the (red) baseline.
In typography, the body height or point size refers to the height of the space in which a glyph is defined. The metal sort: b is the body or shank, c is the body height or font size. Originally, in metal typesetting, the body height or the font (or point) size was defined by the height of the lead cuboid on which the actual font face is moulded.
It even allowed mixing of different sizes of type with a consistent baseline. It however had the disadvantage of often forcing typefaces to be issued with cropped descenders compared to historical typefaces, to allow tight linespacing. A "script line" or "art line" was used for more delicate fonts with long descenders.
The traditional typographic units are based either on non-metric units, or on odd multiples (such as 35 ⁄ 83) of a metric unit.There are no specifically metric units for this particular purpose, although there is a DIN standard sometimes used in German publishing, which measures type sizes in multiples of 0.25 mm, and proponents of the metrication of typography generally recommend the use of ...
The point was first established by the Milanese typographer, Francesco Torniella da Novara (c. 1490 – 1589) in his 1517 alphabet, L'Alfabeto.The construction of the alphabet is the first based on logical measurement called "Punto," which corresponds to the ninth part of the height of the letters or the thickness of the principal stroke.
In some special cases where finer resolution is required, it is permitted with sizes in multiples of 0.100 or 0.050 mm (respectively 2.5 and 5 times finer step sizes). [ 1 ] German graphic designer and typographer Otl Aicher (1922 – 1991) vividly encouraged the use of the quart, and provided a suggested list of common sizes:
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The actual, physical height of any given portion of the font depends on the user-defined DPI setting, current element font-size, and the particular font being used. To make style rules that depend only on the default font size, another unit was developed: the rem. The rem «rem Unite», or root-em, is the font size of the root element of the ...