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A lava spine (or lava spire) is a vertical growth of solid lava that is forced from a volcanic vent. A lava spine can either be formed by viscous lava slowly being pushed out of the vent, or by magma that has solidified within the vent before being pushed out.
The word lava comes from Italian and is probably derived from the Latin word labes, which means a fall or slide. [2] [3] An early use of the word in connection with extrusion of magma from below the surface is found in a short account of the 1737 eruption of Vesuvius, written by Francesco Serao, who described "a flow of fiery lava" as an analogy to the flow of water and mud down the flanks of ...
Formed of basanite, it is a remnant of a basaltic lake formed of solidified lava and is the site of the most recent volcanic activity in the range. It was formed 2.9 million years ago, above an accumulation of several layers of pyroclastic trachyandesite .
Voyager 1 observation of Loki Patera and nearby lava flows and volcanic pits. Loki Patera on moon Io (artist's concept; 0:18). [1] Map of temperature and crust age of Loki Patera obtained by the Large Binocular Telescope. Loki Patera / ˈ l oʊ k i ˈ p æ t ə r ə / is the largest volcanic depression on Jupiter's moon Io, 202 kilometres (126 ...
Pele's tears (closest Hawaiian translation: "nā waimaka o Pele") are small pieces of solidified lava drops formed when airborne particles of molten material fuse into tearlike drops of volcanic glass. Pele's tears are jet black in color and are often found on one end of a strand of Pele's hair.
Collapse of the frontal part of lava deltas is common during their formation, representing a hazard for any people that are watching from a solidified part of the delta and such areas are normally marked as dangerous. [8] If a newly formed lava bench rests on sediments, it may pose hazards due to its extremely unstable structure. [6]
The field was active from 190,000 to 155,000 years ago [2] and includes lava flows, cinder cones, and spatter cones. [1] The oldest lava flows cover about 23 square miles (60 km 2). The cones are aligned and possibly formed above two roughly north-south trending fissures. [3] Vulcan (also called J Volcano) is the highest feature. Its base is ...
The ridges and patterns on top of the lava field show the direction of the lava channels and the often active lava tubes that may be underneath the solidified "crust." [1] It can also reveal whether the lava flow can be classified as pāhoehoe or 'a'ā. The two main types of lava field structures are defined as sheet flow lava and pillow lava ...