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Peripheral cyanosis is the blue tint in fingers or extremities, due to an inadequate or obstructed circulation. [5] The blood reaching the extremities is not oxygen-rich and when viewed through the skin a combination of factors can lead to the appearance of a blue color .
Blue baby syndrome can refer to conditions that cause cyanosis, or blueness of the skin, in babies as a result of low oxygen levels in the blood. This term has traditionally been applied to cyanosis as a result of:. [1] Cyanotic heart disease, which is a category of congenital heart defect that results in low levels of oxygen in the blood. [2]
The normal peripheral pulses rule out peripheral arterial occlusive disease, where arterial narrowing limits blood flow to the extremities. Pulse oximetry will show a normal oxygen saturation . Unlike the closely related Raynaud's phenomenon , cyanosis is continually persistent.
Someone with mitral stenosis may present with rosy cheeks, whilst the rest of the face has a bluish tinge due to cyanosis. This is especially so in severe mitral stenosis. Because low cardiac output in mitral stenosis produces vasoconstriction, peripheral cyanosis is often seen in the lips, the tip of nose, and the cheeks.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. [1] Symptoms include shortness of breath (dyspnea), rapid breathing (tachypnea), and bluish skin coloration (cyanosis). [1]
Livedo reticularis is a common skin finding consisting of a mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. [1] The discoloration is caused by reduction in blood flow through the arterioles that supply the cutaneous capillaries, resulting in deoxygenated blood showing as blue discoloration ().
Cyanosis, a bluish tinge of the extremities (peripheral cyanosis), or of tongue (central cyanosis) [4] Pursed-lip breathing [5] Accessory muscle use, including the scalene and intercostal muscles [5] Diaphragmatic breathing, paradoxical movement of the diaphragm outwards during inspiration; Intercostal indrawing
Rombo syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder characterized mainly by atrophoderma vermiculatum of the face, [2]: 580 multiple milia, telangiectases, acral erythema, [3] peripheral vasodilation with cyanosis, [4] and a propensity to develop basal cell carcinomas.