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Marchantia, an example of a liverwort (Marchantiophyta) An example of moss (Bryophyta) on the forest floor in Broken Bow, Oklahoma. Bryophytes (/ ˈ b r aɪ. ə ˌ f aɪ t s /) [1] are a group of land plants (embryophytes), sometimes treated as a taxonomic division, that contains three groups of non-vascular land plants: the liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. [2]
Ranunculaceae (/ r ə n ʌ ŋ k j uː ˈ l eɪ s i ˌ aɪ,-s iː ˌ iː /, buttercup or crowfoot family; Latin rānunculus "little frog", from rāna "frog") is a family of over 2,000 known species of flowering plants in 43 genera, [2] distributed worldwide.
Plant morphology treats both the vegetative structures of plants, as well as the reproductive structures. The vegetative (somatic) structures of vascular plants include two major organ systems: (1) a shoot system, composed of stems and leaves, and (2) a root system. These two systems are common to nearly all vascular plants, and provide a ...
Root nodules apparently have evolved three times within the Fabaceae but are rare outside that family. The propensity of these plants to develop root nodules seems to relate to their root structure. In particular, a tendency to develop lateral roots in response to abscisic acid may enable the later evolution of root nodules. [21]
The basal angiosperms are the flowering plants which diverged from the lineage leading to most flowering plants. In particular, the most basal angiosperms were called the ANITA grade , which is made up of Amborella (a single species of shrub from New Caledonia), Nymphaeales (water lilies, together with some other aquatic plants) and ...
The family Araceae has one of the oldest fossil record among angiosperms, with fossil forms first appearing during the Early Cretaceous epoch. [ 1 ] [ 23 ] Notable fossils from the Early Cretaceous include: Spixiarum kipea , [ 24 ] an aroid from the late Aptian of Brazil; [ 1 ] Orontiophyllum ferreri , an aroid leaf from the late Albian of ...
Adventitious roots arise out-of-sequence from the more usual root formation of branches of a primary root, and instead originate from the stem, branches, leaves, or old woody roots. They commonly occur in monocots and pteridophytes, but also in many dicots , such as clover ( Trifolium ), ivy ( Hedera ), strawberry ( Fragaria ) and willow ( Salix ).
The Rhizophoraceae is a family of tropical or subtropical flowering plants. [2] It includes around 147 species distributed in 15 genera. [3] Under the family, there are three tribes, Rhizophoreae, Gynotrocheae, and Macarisieae. [3]