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Euclid (/ ˈ j uː k l ɪ d /; Ancient Greek: Εὐκλείδης; fl. 300 BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. [2] Considered the "father of geometry", [3] he is chiefly known for the Elements treatise, which established the foundations of geometry that largely dominated the field until the early 19th century.
A geometer is a mathematician whose area of study is the historical aspects that define geometry, instead of the analytical geometric studies that becomes conducted from geometricians. Some notable geometers and their main fields of work, chronologically listed, are:
Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to ancient Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry, Elements.Euclid's approach consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms (postulates) and deducing many other propositions from these.
Euclid's Elements was the culmination of this effort and for over two thousand years, even as late as the 19th century, it remained the "standard text" on mathematics throughout the Mediterranean region (including Europe and the Middle East), and later also in North and South America after European colonization.
The Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci (left) and the Chinese mathematician Xu Guangqi (right) published the first Chinese edition of Euclid's Elements (Jīhé yuánběn 幾何原本) in 1607. Proof of the Pythagorean theorem in Byrne's The Elements of Euclid and published in colored version in 1847. 4th century, Theon of Alexandria, 888 AD manuscript ...
This page was last edited on 17 December 2024, at 15:13 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
– Euclid: fl. 310 BC – fl. 230 BC – Aristarchus: c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC ... Timeline of mathematics; References This page was last edited on 30 March 2024 ...
Constantin Carathéodory (1873–1950) - Mathematician who pioneered the Axiomatic Formulation of Thermodynamics. [14] Demetrios Christodoulou (born 1951) - Mathematician-physicist who has contributed in the field of general relativity. [15] Constantine Dafermos (born 1941) - Usually notable for hyperbolic conservation laws and control theory. [16]