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The Boudouard reaction, named after Octave Leopold Boudouard, is the redox reaction of a chemical equilibrium mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide at a given temperature. It is the disproportionation of carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and graphite or its reverse: [1] 2CO ⇌ CO 2 + C
The bidirectional reaction catalyzed by CODH plays a role in the carbon cycle allowing organisms to both make use of CO as a source of energy and utilize CO 2 as a source of carbon. CODH can form a monofunctional enzyme, as is the case in Rhodospirillum rubrum , or can form a cluster with acetyl-CoA synthase as has been shown in M. thermoacetica .
The catalyst responsible for this conversion, RuBisCO, is the most common protein. Some anaerobic organisms employ enzymes to convert CO 2 to carbon monoxide, from which fatty acids can be made. [11] In industry, a few products are made from CO 2, including urea, salicylic acid, methanol, and certain inorganic and organic carbonates. [12]
Oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide: 2CO + O 2 → 2CO 2; Oxidation of hydrocarbons (unburnt and partially burned fuel) to carbon dioxide and water: C x H 2x+2 + [(3x+1)/2]O 2 → xCO 2 + (x+1)H 2 O (a combustion reaction) The two-way catalytic converter is widely used on diesel engines to reduce hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide ...
CO can react chemically with other atmospheric constituents (primarily the hydroxyl radical, • OH) that would otherwise destroy methane. [38] Through natural processes in the atmosphere, it is oxidized to carbon dioxide and ozone. Carbon monoxide is short-lived in the atmosphere (with an average lifetime of about one to two months), and ...
The conversion of CO to alkanes involves hydrogenation of CO, the hydrogenolysis (cleavage with H 2) of C–O bonds, and the formation of C–C bonds. Such reactions are assumed to proceed via initial formation of surface-bound metal carbonyls. The CO ligand is speculated to undergo dissociation, possibly into oxide and carbide ligands. [10]
In the conversion of carbon dioxide to useful materials, the water–gas shift reaction is used to produce carbon monoxide from hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This is sometimes called the reverse water–gas shift reaction. [20] Water gas is defined as a fuel gas consisting mainly of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2).
Methanation is the conversion of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide (CO x) to methane (CH 4) through hydrogenation. The methanation reactions of CO x were first discovered by Sabatier and Senderens in 1902. [1] CO x methanation has many practical applications.