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Most beef cattle are mated naturally, whereby a bull is released into a herd of cows approximately 55 days after the calving period, depending on the cows' body condition score (BCS). If it was a cow's first time calving, she will take longer to re-breed by at least 10 days. [4]
Other than the few bulls needed for breeding, the vast majority of male cattle are castrated as calves and are used as oxen or slaughtered for meat before the age of three years. Thus, in a pastured herd, any calves or herd bulls usually are clearly distinguishable from the cows due to distinctively different sizes and clear anatomical differences.
Cattle only produce milk after calving, and so every dairy cow must produce a calf every year. In dairy herds (which in Britain and Ireland are almost all Holstein-Friesians), the best milking cows will normally be bred to a dairy bull, usually by artificial insemination (AI). The female purebred dairy calves from these matings will go on to ...
In Paraguay, Murray Grey cattle have been used in crossbreeding programs involving Zebu and Charolais cattle. The Zebu and Charolais cattle there lacked the dark skins and early-maturing traits of the Murray Greys. This crossbreeding program improved the fertility, calving ease, and weight gains of the progeny produced there. [16]
Cattle from a cow–calf operation may be sold after they have been weaned to be matured elsewhere, such as at a feedlot, or may be raised to near-slaughter weight and sold at the age of 1–2 years. [7] Older cows and bulls, if kept, may also be sold to slaughter after their reproductive years have ended.
Calving (step by step) "Calf" is the term used from birth to weaning, when it becomes known as a weaner or weaner calf, though in some areas the term "calf" may be used until the animal is a yearling. The birth of a calf is known as calving. A calf that has lost its mother is an orphan calf, also known as a poddy or poddy-calf in British.
Charbray cattle were first bred in order to achieve the high growth rate and maturity of the Charolais cattle with the hardiness of the Brahmans, ensuring easy calving and decent weight gain. [7] This is achieved through the process of cross breeding the French Charolais bull with the American Brahman cow in order to improve growth, beef ...
Milking Shorthorn cows in Prince Edward Island, Canada. The Dairy Shorthorn is a British breed of dairy cattle. [5]: 132 [6]: 59 It derives from the Shorthorn cattle of Teesside, in the North Riding of Yorkshire and in Northumbria (now divided between County Durham and Northumberland) in north-eastern England. [7]