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The fairness doctrine of the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC), introduced in 1949, was a policy that required the holders of broadcast licenses both to present controversial issues of public importance and to do so in a manner that fairly reflected differing viewpoints. [1]
A guideline included in the Communications Act, the Fairness Doctrine, was created to enforce restrictions on radio and television broadcasting until 1987. [3] It was instituted to provide a platform for equal coverage of public issues. [3] During the past 90 years, radio regulation has varied tremendously.
After the war in the late 1940s broadcasters began to push back against the Mayflower doctrine framing it “as an infringement of their 1st amendment rights”. [2] They argued “the Mayflower doctrine is invalid as violative of the First Amendment, which prohibits Congress from passing laws abridging the freedom of speech or of the press. [3]
It is our choice.In 1949, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) initiated the Fairness Doctrine, which was a policy that required holders of broadcasting licenses to report on controversial ...
The equal-time rule should not be confused with the now-defunct FCC fairness doctrine, which dealt with presenting balanced points of view on matters of public importance. The Zapple doctrine (part of a specific provision of the fairness doctrine) was similar to the equal-time rule but applied to different political campaign participants. The ...
Now a commissioner with the Federal Communications Commission, a government agency that regulates radio and television in the US, says the appearance may have violated its “equal time” rule.
Hallin's spheres is a theory of news reporting and its rhetorical framing posited by journalism historian Daniel C. Hallin in his 1986 book The Uncensored War to explain the news coverage of the Vietnam War. [1] Hallin divides the world of political discourse into three concentric spheres: consensus, legitimate controversy, and deviance.
By 1985, the FCC was concerned that the fairness doctrine might have a chilling effect, which was the very opposite of the policy's original intent of encouraging fair and balanced coverage: "In order to avoid the requirement to go out and find contrasting viewpoints on every issue raised in a story, some journalists simply avoided any coverage of some controversial issues."