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A hammer-beam is a form of timber roof truss, allowing a hammerbeam roof to span greater than the length of any individual piece of timber.In place of a normal tie beam spanning the entire width of the roof, short beams – the hammer beams – are supported by curved braces from the wall, and hammer posts or arch-braces are built on top to support the rafters and typically a collar beam.
Medieval architecture was the art and science of designing and constructing buildings in the Middle Ages. The major styles of the period included pre-Romanesque , Romanesque , and Gothic . In the fifteenth century, architects began to favour classical forms again, in the Renaissance style , marking the end of the medieval period.
A 15-storey apartment building in La Tourette (Marseille), designed by Fernand Pouillon.Constructed using the massive precut stone method. Gobekli Tepe, early monumental Neolithic stonemasonry using flint-carved limestone columns (~9500 BCE) 12th-century stonemasonry at Angkor Wat Diamond-wire saw in use for quarrying marble Stonemason working with medieval tools Stonemasonry with andesite ...
High relief stucco sculpting was still notably employed later to decorate the mihrabs of mosques in medieval Iran, using arabesques of stems and leaves on multiple levels carved in depth. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Ornate window grilles in Islamic architecture were also commonly carved from stucco and filled with stained glass .
The strap-work paneling showcases Viking tradition along with the carvings in the walls displaying fighting animals. The decorations are an essential connection between the pre-Christian Nordic traditions and the later Christianity of the Middle ages as well as representing the artistic style of Scandinavian culture. [5]
This is beyond the usual definition of the Middle Ages, [12] but new Renaissance ideas and plants had barely reached the northern centres of illumination by then. [ 13 ] Images of the Virgin Mary in her hortus conclusus ("enclosed garden") and the "garden of love", a popular subject in 15th-century engravings by Master E. S. (d. c. 1468) and ...
The church itself was barely damaged. However, almost all the other buildings of the town square (Münsterplatz) were severely hit and some 80% of the medieval centre of Ulm was destroyed. A 500 kg-bomb fell on March 1, 1945 in the choir-room of the minster, but it did not explode. [6]