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The demand-control-support (DCS) model, originally the demand-control (DC) model, has been the most influential psychological theory in occupational stress research. [10] The DC model advances the idea that the combination of low levels of work-related decision latitude (i.e., autonomy and control over the job) and high psychological workloads ...
The JD-R model assumes that whereas every occupation may have its own specific working characteristics, these characteristics can be classified in two general categories (i.e. job demands and job resources), thus constituting an overarching model that may be applied to various occupational settings, irrespective of the particular demands and ...
Job strain is a form of psychosocial stress that occurs in the workplace. One of the most common forms of stress, it is characterized by a combination of low salaries, high demands, and low levels of control over things such as raises and paid time off. [1]
Occupational health psychology (OHP) is an interdisciplinary area of psychology that is concerned with the health and safety of workers. [1] [2] [3] OHP addresses a number of major topic areas including the impact of occupational stressors on physical and mental health, the impact of involuntary unemployment on physical and mental health, work-family balance, workplace violence and other forms ...
A number of prominent models of job stress have been developed to explain the job stress process, including the person-environment (P-E) fit model, [67] which was developed by University of Michigan social psychologists, and the demand-control(-support) [68] and effort-reward imbalance models, [69] which were developed by sociologists.
Numerous work stress theories exist within occupational health psychology, work and organisational psychology, and work health and safety disciplines (Job Demands-Resources Theory; [2] Job Demand Control Theory [3]). These are major job design theories that emphasize that work stress arises largely from the way work is designed (‘the cause ...
Workload as a work demand is a major component of the demand-control model of stress. [7] This model suggests that jobs with high demands can be stressful, especially when the individual has low control over the job. In other words, control serves as a buffer or protective factor when demands or workload is high.
The model contends that stress may not be a stressors if the person does not perceive the stressors as a threat but rather as positive or even challenging. Also, if the person possesses or can use adequate coping skills , then stress may not actually be a result or develop because of the stressors.