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The best known polycation of mercury is Hg 2+ 2, in which mercury has a formal oxidation state of +1. The Hg 2+ 2 ion was perhaps the first metal-metal bonded species confirmed. The presence of the Hg 2+ 2 ion in solution was shown by Ogg in 1898. [7] In 1900, Baker showed the presence of HgCl dimers in the vapour phase. [8] The presence of Hg 2+
Hydroxides of mercury are poorly characterized, as attempted isolation studies of mercury(II) hydroxide have yielded mercury oxide instead. [64] Being a soft metal, mercury forms very stable derivatives with the heavier chalcogens. Preeminent is mercury(II) sulfide, HgS, which occurs in nature as the ore cinnabar and is the brilliant pigment ...
Mercury(II) is a pseudo-Jahn-Teller-distorted octahedron. [27] The bis aqua structure of the mercury(I) ion, [(H 2 O)-Hg-Hg-(OH 2)] +, found in solid compounds, [38] is not the same as that found in solution which involves three water molecules coordinated to each mercury completing a distorted tetrahedral arrangement. [27]
Mercury(II) thiocyanate (Hg(SCN) 2) is an inorganic chemical compound, the coordination complex of Hg 2+ and the thiocyanate anion. It is a white powder. It is a white powder. It will produce a large, winding "snake" when ignited, an effect known as the Pharaoh's serpent .
Mercury(II) oxide, also called mercuric oxide or simply mercury oxide, is the inorganic compound with the formula Hg O. It has a red or orange color. Mercury(II) oxide is a solid at room temperature and pressure. The mineral form montroydite is very rarely found.
Thiocyanate shares its negative charge approximately equally between sulfur and nitrogen. As a consequence, thiocyanate can act as a nucleophile at either sulfur or nitrogen—it is an ambidentate ligand. [SCN] − can also bridge two (M−SCN−M) or even three metals (>SCN− or −SCN<).
Mercury(II) fulminate, or Hg(CNO) 2, is a primary explosive. It is highly sensitive to friction, heat and shock and is mainly used as a trigger for other explosives in percussion caps and detonators. Mercury(II) cyanate, though its chemical formula is identical, has a different atomic arrangement, making the cyanate and fulminate anionic isomers.
The fulminate ion is a pseudohalic ion because its charge and reactivity are similar to those of the halogens. The name is derived from the Latin fulminātus , meaning to explode like lightning, and reflects that fulminate salts are friction-sensitive explosives due to the instability of the ion.