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Cannabinoids (/ k ə ˈ n æ b ə n ɔɪ d z ˌ ˈ k æ n ə b ə n ɔɪ d z /) are compounds found in the cannabis plant or synthetic compounds that can interact with the endocannabinoid system. [1] [2] The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (Delta-9-THC), the primary intoxicating compound in cannabis.
9-Hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol (9-OH-HHC) is a semi-synthetic derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol.It is formed as an impurity in the synthesis of Delta-8-THC, [1] and retains activity in animal studies though with only around 1/10 the potency of Δ 9-THC, with the 9α- and 9β- enantiomers having around the same potency.
cis-Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-cis-Δ 9-THC) is an isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol found in the Cannabis plant but in lower quantities than the more well-known trans isomer. It has similar psychoactive effects to trans -Δ 9 -THC in tests on mice, but with only around 1/5th the potency.
The same study found Delta-9-THC to have a binding affinity of 15nM ± 4.4nM at CB1 and 9.1nM ± 3.6nM at CB2. 9R-HHC has a lower selectivity for CB2 (1.2x) compared to D9-THC (1.6x). 9R-HHC has an EC50 of 3.4nM ± 1.5nM at CB1 and 6.2nM ± 2.1nM at CB2 while 9S-HHC has an EC50 of 57nM ± 19nM at CB1 and 55nM ± 10nM at CB2. The same study ...
Although the chemical formula for THC (C 21 H 30 O 2) describes multiple isomers, [10] the term THC usually refers to the delta-9-THC isomer with chemical name (−)-trans-Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol. It is a colorless oil.
11-Hydroxy-Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-Δ 9-THC, alternatively numbered as 7-OH-Δ 1-THC), usually referred to as 11-hydroxy-THC is the main active metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is formed in the body after Δ 9-THC is consumed.
Δ-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC, [a] Δ 8-THC) is a psychoactive cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. [1] It is an isomer of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC, Δ 9-THC), the compound commonly known as THC, with which it co-occurs in hemp; natural quantities of ∆ 8-THC found in hemp are low.
The Δ 9 isomer of THCP occurs naturally in cannabis, but in small amounts.A 2021 study reported the content of Δ 9-THCP ranging from 0.0023% to 0.0136% (w/w) (approximately 0.02–0.13 mg/g) without correlation to THC percentage in Δ 9-THC-dominant strains of cannabis; that study failed to detect THCP in CBD-dominant strains.