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When free hydroxyl groups are transformed to acetoxy groups, the ability of the wood to absorb water is greatly reduced, rendering the wood more dimensionally stable and, because it is no longer digestible, extremely durable. In general, softwoods naturally have an acetyl content from 0.5 to 1.5% and more durable hardwoods from 2 to 4.5%.
Further drying of the wood results in strengthening of the wood fibres, [1] and is usually accompanied by shrinkage. Wood is normally dried to a point where it is in equilibrium with the atmospheric moisture content or relative humidity, and since this varies so does the equilibrium moisture content. Laboratory testing has found the average FSP ...
Wood stabilization limits water absorption into the wood structure, thereby limiting the dimensional changes which arise from moisture exposure. Wood stabilization is a subset of wood preservation processes specifically used by woodworking enthusiasts to alter the material properties of specific wood species for applications within their craft ...
Wood degradation is a complex process influenced by various biological, chemical, and environmental factors. It significantly impacts the durability and longevity of wood products and structures, necessitating effective preservation and protection strategies.
If the wood is placed in an environment at a particular temperature and relative humidity, its moisture content will generally begin to change in time, until it is finally in equilibrium with its surroundings, and the moisture content no longer changes in time. This moisture content is the EMC of the wood for that temperature and relative humidity.
Acetylated wood is a type of modified wood that is produced through a chemical modification process and does not contain any toxic substances. [1] It produced from a chemical reaction (named as acetylation), involving acetic anhydride and a modification process to make wood highly resistant to biological attacks by fungi and wood-boring insects and durable to environmental conditions.
Partition coefficients can be measured experimentally in various ways (by shake-flask, HPLC, etc.) or estimated by calculation based on a variety of methods (fragment-based, atom-based, etc.). If a substance is present as several chemical species in the partition system due to association or dissociation, each species is assigned its own K ow ...
Acid-neutralizing capacity or ANC in short is a measure for the overall buffering capacity against acidification of a solution, e.g. surface water or soil water.. ANC is defined as the difference between cations of strong bases and anions of strong acids (see below), or dynamically as the amount of acid needed to change the pH value from the sample's value to a chosen different value. [1]