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Advocacy groups, also known as lobby groups, interest groups, special interest groups, pressure groups, or public associations, use various forms of advocacy or lobbying to influence public opinion and ultimately public policy. [1] They play an important role in the development of political and social systems. [2]
Interest articulation is a way for members of a society to express their needs to a system of government. [1] It can range from personal contact with government officials to the development of interest groups (e.g. trade unions, professional associations, religious groups) who act in the interest of larger groups of people.
The interests of the agency's constituency (the interest groups) are met, while the needs of consumers (which may be the general public) are passed over. [ 20 ] That public administration may result in benefiting a small segment of the public in this way, may be viewed as problematic for the popular concept of democracy if the general welfare ...
[44] [45] A common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of state is not a monarch. [46] [47] Montesquieu included both democracies, where all the people have a share in rule, and aristocracies or oligarchies, where only some of the people rule, as republican forms of government. [48] These categories are not exclusive.
In social science and economics, public interest is "the welfare or well-being of the general public" and society. [1] While it has earlier philosophical roots and is considered to be at the core of democratic theories of government, often paired with two other concepts, convenience and necessity, it first became explicitly integrated into governance instruments in the early part of the 20th ...
Another assumption is that the cost of the good is a function of the size of the group that would benefit from it. For many public goods, this is not true, and Marwell and Oliver show that when the interest group is larger, there is a larger chance that it will include someone for whom it is rational to provide the good, either in part or in full.
The public interest theory of regulation claims that government regulation acts to protect and benefit the public. [1] The public interest is "the welfare or well-being of the general public" and society. [2] Regulation in this context means the employment of legal instruments (laws and rules) for the implementation of policy objectives.
A government interest is compelling if it is essential or necessary rather than a matter of choice, preference, or discretion. [1] When government action infringes an individual's fundamental rights, the government must show that the government's action is necessary to achieve a compelling government interest. The protection of public health ...