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The risk of bleeding is increased if used at the same time as other blood thinning drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiplatelet drugs and heparin. [2] The blood thinning effects can be reduced if used at the same time as rifampicin and phenytoin , and increased with fluconazole .
[30] [31] In August 2014, the FDA approved apixaban for the additional indication of the treatment of recurring deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. [30] [32] During its development the drug was known as BMS-562247-01. [33] By late 2019, sales of the product by BMS accounted for thirty percent of their quarterly revenue. [34]
Four drugs from the class of direct Xa inhibitors are marketed worldwide. Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) was the first approved FXa inhibitor to become commercially available in Europe and Canada in 2008. [1] The second one was apixaban (Eliquis), approved in Europe in 2011 [2] and in the United States in 2012. [3]
Andexanet alfa, sold under the brand name Andexxa among others, is an antidote for the medications rivaroxaban and apixaban, when reversal of anticoagulation is needed due to uncontrolled bleeding. [8] It has not been found to be useful for other factor Xa inhibitors. [9] It is given by injection into a vein. [9]
The following are medications commonly prescribed cardiac pharmaceutical agents. The specificity of the following medications is highly variable, and often are not particularly specific to a given class. As such, they are listed as are commonly accepted.
Antiplatelet drugs effect may be affected by patient's medications, current medical conditions, food and supplements taken. Antiplatelet drugs effect may be increased or decreased. An increase in antiplatelet effect would increase the risk of bleeding and could cause prolonged or excessive bleeding.
An antithrombotic agent is a drug that reduces the formation of blood clots (). [1] [2] Antithrombotics can be used therapeutically for prevention (primary prevention, secondary prevention) or treatment of a dangerous blood clot (acute thrombus).
Direct thrombin inhibitors bind to the active sites of free or clot-bound thrombin to inhibit its effects. Dabigatran etexilate is a common example which has a rapid onset of action. [ 40 ] Whereas direct factor Xa inhibitors including apixaban and rivaroxaban directly bind to clotting factor Xa to block its activity, thus inhibiting thrombin ...