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Separation of variables may be possible in some coordinate systems but not others, [2] and which coordinate systems allow for separation depends on the symmetry properties of the equation. [3] Below is an outline of an argument demonstrating the applicability of the method to certain linear equations, although the precise method may differ in ...
Toggle Separation of variables subsection. 5.1 Examples in various coordinate systems. ... From the formula for = (,) and the coordinate-based definition of ...
Laplace's equation on is an example of a partial differential equation that admits solutions through -separation of variables; in the three-dimensional case this uses 6-sphere coordinates. (This should not be confused with the case of a separable ODE, which refers to a somewhat different class of problems that can be broken into a pair of ...
The two-dimensional analogue of the vibrating string is the vibrating membrane, with the edges clamped to be motionless. The Helmholtz equation was solved for many basic shapes in the 19th century: the rectangular membrane by Siméon Denis Poisson in 1829, the equilateral triangle by Gabriel Lamé in 1852, and the circular membrane by Alfred Clebsch in 1862.
In the method of separation of variables, one reduces a PDE to a PDE in fewer variables, which is an ordinary differential equation if in one variable – these are in turn easier to solve. This is possible for simple PDEs, which are called separable partial differential equations, and the domain is generally a rectangle (a product of intervals).
Solving the equation by separation of variables means seeking a solution of the form of a product of spatial and temporal parts [18] (,) = (), where () is a function of all the spatial coordinate(s) of the particle(s) constituting the system only, and () is a function of time only.
Here is the time variable expressed in units of length using some characteristic velocity (e.g., speed of light or sound), is a constant originated from the separation of variables, and (,) represents a part of the source term in the initial wave equation that remains after application of the variable-separation procedures (a series coefficient ...
A so-called eigenmode is a solution that oscillates in time with a well-defined constant angular frequency ω, so that the temporal part of the wave function takes the form e −iωt = cos(ωt) − i sin(ωt), and the amplitude is a function f(x) of the spatial variable x, giving a separation of variables for the wave function: (,) = ().