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Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, HILIC) [1] is a variant of normal phase liquid chromatography that partly overlaps with other chromatographic applications such as ion chromatography and reversed phase liquid chromatography. HILIC uses hydrophilic stationary phases with reversed-phase ...
Gel permeation chromatography. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) [1] is a type of size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), that separates high molecular weight or colloidal analytes on the basis of size or diameter, typically in organic solvents. The technique is often used for the analysis of polymers. As a technique, SEC was first developed in ...
Ion chromatography (or ion-exchange chromatography) is a form of chromatography that separates ions and ionizable polar molecules based on their affinity to the ion exchanger. [1] It works on almost any kind of charged molecule —including small inorganic anions, [2] large proteins, [3] small nucleotides, [4] and amino acids.
The use of displacement chromatography is rather limited, and is mostly used for preparative chromatography. The basic principle is based on a molecule with a high affinity for the chromatography matrix (the displacer) which is used to compete effectively for binding sites, and thus displace all molecules with lesser affinities. [ 28 ]
Reversed-phase chromatography. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) is a mode of liquid chromatography in which non-polar stationary phase and polar mobile phases are used for the separation of organic compounds. [1][2][3] The vast majority of separations and analyses using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in recent years ...
The partition coefficient, abbreviated P, is defined as a particular ratio of the concentrations of a solute between the two solvents (a biphase of liquid phases), specifically for un- ionized solutes, and the logarithm of the ratio is thus log P. [10]: 275ff When one of the solvents is water and the other is a non-polar solvent, then the log P ...
Mixed-mode chromatography (MMC), or multimodal chromatography, refers to chromatographic methods that utilize more than one form of interaction between the stationary phase and analytes in order to achieve their separation. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] What is distinct from conventional single-mode chromatography is that the secondary interactions in MMC ...
Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography Ion exchange chromatography. Aqueous normal-phase chromatography (ANP) [1] is a chromatographic technique that involves the mobile phase compositions and polarities between reversed-phase chromatography (RP) and normal-phase chromatography (NP), while the stationary phases are polar.