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2. Address Resolution Protocol - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_Resolution_Protocol

   The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a communication protocol used for discovering the link layer address, such as a MAC address, associated with a given internet layer address, typically an IPv4 address. This mapping is a critical function in the Internet protocol suite. ARP was defined in 1982 by RFC 826, [1] which is Internet Standard ...

3. Multicast DNS - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_DNS

   Multicast DNS. Multicast DNS (mDNS) is a computer networking protocol that resolves hostnames to IP addresses within small networks that do not include a local name server. It is a zero-configuration service, using essentially the same programming interfaces, packet formats and operating semantics as unicast Domain Name System (DNS).

4. arping - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arping

   Two popular arping implementations exist. One is part of Linux iputils suite, [2] and cannot resolve MAC addresses to IP addresses. The other arping implementation, written by Thomas Habets, [3] can ping hosts by MAC address as well as by IP address, and adds more features. Having both arping implementations on a system may introduce conflicts.

5. IPv4 address exhaustion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4_address_exhaustion

   IPv4 address exhaustion is the depletion of the pool of unallocated IPv4 addresses. Because the original Internet architecture had fewer than 4.3 billion addresses available, depletion has been anticipated since the late 1980s when the Internet started experiencing dramatic growth. This depletion is one of the reasons for the development and ...

6. Broadcast address - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_address

   Frames are addressed to reach every computer on a given LAN segment if they are addressed to MAC address FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF. Ethernet frames that contain IP broadcast packages are usually sent to this address. Ethernet broadcasts are used, among other purposes, by Address Resolution Protocol to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses.

7. Medium access control - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium_access_control

   t. e. In IEEE 802 LAN/MAN standards, the medium access control (MAC), also called media access control, is the layer that controls the hardware responsible for interaction with the wired (electrical or optical) or wireless transmission medium. The MAC sublayer and the logical link control (LLC) sublayer together make up the data link layer.

8. Network address translation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation

   Network address translation. Network address translation (NAT) is a method of mapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. [1] The technique was originally used to bypass the need to assign a new address to every host when ...

9. IP multicast - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_multicast

   IP multicast is a method of sending Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams to a group of interested receivers in a single transmission. It is the IP-specific form of multicast and is used for streaming media and other network applications. It uses specially reserved multicast address blocks in IPv4 and IPv6. Protocols associated with IP multicast ...