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Stated succinctly, coke is the "carbonization product of high-boiling hydrocarbon fractions obtained in petroleum processing (heavy residues)". [1] Petcoke is also produced in the production of synthetic crude oil (syncrude) from bitumen extracted from Canada's oil sands and from Venezuela's Orinoco oil sands .
This petroleum coke can either be fuel grade (high in sulphur and metals) or anode grade (low in sulphur and metals). The raw coke from the coker is often referred to as green coke. [1] In this context, "green" means unprocessed. The further processing of green coke by calcining in a rotary kiln removes residual volatile hydrocarbons from the ...
Raw coke. Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content. It is made by heating coal or petroleum in the absence of air. Coke is an important industrial product, used mainly in iron ore smelting, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges.
There are other petroleum refining processes for producing petroleum coke, namely the Fluid Coking and Flexicoking processes [12] [13] both of which were developed and are licensed by ExxonMobil Research and Engineering. The first commercial unit went into operation in 1955.
Gas emission. Coke oven interior: detail (1942, USA). The coke oven is the central element of a coking plant. Horizontal ovens, which are the most commonly used (they are suitable for monitoring the various extraction stages), take the form of narrow compartments (approx. 50 cm wide), but several meters high and several meters deep.
The refinery processed approximately 44,500 barrels of crude oil per day. The facility's main operation was to convert heavy crude oil into high quality feedstock for additional processing at the connected Rodeo Facility. Additional finished products produced at the facility were petroleum coke (carbon) and sulfur. [5]
Petroleum refinery in Anacortes, Washington, United States. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.
Coking is the process of heating coal in the absence of oxygen to a temperature above 600 °C (1,112 °F) to drive off the volatile components of the raw coal, leaving behind a hard, strong, porous material with a high carbon content called coke.