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Sidney Hook (December 20, 1902 – July 12, 1989) was an American philosopher of pragmatism known for his contributions to the philosophy of history, the philosophy of education, political theory, and ethics. After embracing communism in his youth, Hook was later known for his criticisms of totalitarianism, both fascism and Marxism–Leninism.
A native of Dover, England, Holmes came to the United States in 1947 after serving in the Royal Air Force during World War II. [4] He earned a bachelor's degree (1950) and a master's degree (1952) in Bible and theology [2] from Wheaton College and a Ph.D. in philosophy from Northwestern University in Chicago (1957).
The great aim of his speculations was to find a philosophic basis for the personality of God, and for his theory on this subject he proposed the term "concrete theism." [ 7 ] His philosophy attempts to reconcile monism (Hegel) and individualism ( Herbart ) by means of monadism ( Leibniz ).
Another categorization divides topics in the philosophy of education into the nature and aims of education on the one hand, and the methods and circumstances of education on the other hand. The latter section may again be divided into concrete normative theories and the study of the conceptual and methodological presuppositions of these ...
His posthumously published The Miracle of Theism: Arguments For and Against the Existence of God (1982) [1] has been called a tour de force in contemporary analytic philosophy. [2] The atheist philosopher Kai Nielsen described it as "one of the most, probably the most, distinguished articulation of an atheistic point of view given in the ...
[3] [4] Atheism is commonly understood as non-acceptance or outright rejection of theism in the broadest sense of the term (i.e., non-acceptance or rejection of belief in God or gods). [5] [6] Related (but separate) is the claim that the existence of any deity is unknown or unknowable; a stance known as agnosticism.
Philosophical theism is the belief that the Supreme Being exists (or must exist) independent of the teaching or revelation of any particular religion. [1] It represents belief in God entirely without doctrine, except for that which can be discerned by reason and the contemplation of natural laws. Some philosophical theists are persuaded of God ...
Deny the truth value of future contingents, as proposed for example by Aristotle (although this denies foreknowledge and, therefore, theological determinism). Assert differences in non-temporal knowledge (space-time independence), an approach taken for example by Boethius , [ 9 ] Thomas Aquinas , [ 10 ] and C. S. Lewis .