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In statistics, the mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data values. [1] If X is a discrete random variable, the mode is the value x at which the probability mass function takes its maximum value (i.e., x=argmax x i P(X = x i)).
Mathematical economics is the application of mathematical methods to represent theories and analyze problems in economics.Often, these applied methods are beyond simple geometry, and may include differential and integral calculus, difference and differential equations, matrix algebra, mathematical programming, or other computational methods.
Modulo is a mathematical jargon that was introduced into mathematics in the book Disquisitiones Arithmeticae by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1801. [3] Given the integers a, b and n, the expression "a ≡ b (mod n)", pronounced "a is congruent to b modulo n", means that a − b is an integer multiple of n, or equivalently, a and b both share the same remainder when divided by n.
In statistics, the weighted geometric mean is a generalization of the geometric mean using the weighted arithmetic mean.. Given a sample = (, …,) and weights = (,, …,), it is calculated as: [1]
In propositional logic, modus tollens (/ ˈ m oʊ d ə s ˈ t ɒ l ɛ n z /) (MT), also known as modus tollendo tollens (Latin for "mode that by denying denies") [2] and denying the consequent, [3] is a deductive argument form and a rule of inference. Modus tollens is a mixed hypothetical syllogism that takes the form of "If P, then Q. Not Q ...
Modus may refer to: Modus, the Latin name for grammatical mood, in linguistics; Modus, the Latin name for mode (statistics) Modus (company), an Alberta-based company; Modus (medieval music), a term used in several different technical meanings in medieval music theory; The Renault Modus, a small car; Modus (band), a pop music band in former ...
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This is the modus ponens rule of propositional logic. Rules of inference are often formulated as schemata employing metavariables . [ 2 ] In the rule (schema) above, the metavariables A and B can be instantiated to any element of the universe (or sometimes, by convention, a restricted subset such as propositions ) to form an infinite set of ...