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The JDBC classes are contained in the Java package java.sql and javax.sql. Starting with version 3.1, JDBC has been developed under the Java Community Process. JSR 54 specifies JDBC 3.0 (included in J2SE 1.4), JSR 114 specifies the JDBC Rowset additions, and JSR 221 is the specification of JDBC 4.0 (included in Java SE 6). [2]
The SQL market referred to this as static SQL, versus dynamic SQL which could be changed at any time, like the command-line interfaces that shipped with almost all SQL systems, or a programming interface that left the SQL as plain text until it was called. Dynamic SQL systems became a major focus for SQL vendors during the 1980s.
The JDBC type 3 driver, also known as the Pure Java driver for database middleware, [7] is a database driver implementation which makes use of a middle tier between the calling program and the database. The middle-tier (application server) converts JDBC calls directly or indirectly into a vendor-specific database protocol.
The SQL Server Network Library is controlled through the use of a Client Network Utility, which is bundled with the SQL Server. Each Net-Lib supported network protocol has a separate driver (not to be confused with a device driver ), and has support for a session layer in its protocol stack.
If you see an image challenge question when sending mail, you should just be able to complete the challenge then send mail. If, however, you correctly answer the image challenge and still can't send mail, it could be a sign of a more serious issue with your account, which may require additional steps to secure your account.