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Forced draft: When air or flue gases are maintained above atmospheric pressure. Normally it is done with the help of a forced draft fan. [2] Induced draft: When air or flue gases flow under the effect of a gradually decreasing pressure below atmospheric pressure. In this case, the system is said to operate under induced draft.
With the fan on the air intake, the fan is more susceptible to complications due to freezing conditions. Another disadvantage is that a forced draft design typically requires more motor horsepower than an equivalent induced draft design. The benefit of the forced draft design is its ability to work with high static pressure. Such setups can be ...
The draft (draught in British English) flow rate induced by the stack effect can be calculated with the equation presented below. [12] [13] The equation applies only to buildings where air is both inside and outside the buildings. For buildings with one or two floors, h is the height of the building and A is the flow area of the openings.
As a result it can be more easily routed through walls or floors. However, the condensing furnace is more expensive initially because of the extra induced-draft fan and condensate pump required, and the extra heat exchanger in the firebox. The heat exchangers may be damaged by corrosion or metal fatigue from many heating and cooling cycles.
The induced draft fan assists the FD fan by drawing out combustible gases from the furnace, maintaining slightly below atmospheric pressure in the furnace to avoid leakage of combustion products from the boiler casing.
The axial fan is often contained within a short section of cylindrical ductwork, to which inlet and outlet ducting can be connected. Axial fan types have fan wheels with diameters that usually range from less than a foot (0.3 meters) to over 30 feet (9.1 m), although axial cooling tower fan wheels may exceed 82 feet (25 m) in diameter.