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For instance, the Lo Shu Square – the unique 3 × 3 magic square – is associative, because each pair of opposite points form a line of the square together with the center point, so the sum of the two opposite points equals the sum of a line minus the value of the center point regardless of which two opposite points are chosen. [4]
[5] [7] The contents of Yang Hui's treatise were collected from older works, both native and foreign; and he only explains the construction of third and fourth-order magic squares, while merely passing on the finished diagrams of larger squares. [7] He gives a magic square of order 3, two squares for each order of 4 to 8, one of order nine, and ...
The magic constant or magic sum of a magic square is the sum of numbers in any row, column, or diagonal of the magic square. For example, the magic square shown below has a magic constant of 15. For a normal magic square of order n – that is, a magic square which contains the numbers 1, 2, ..., n 2 – the magic constant is = +.
In prehistoric time, quarter square multiplication involved floor function; that some sources [7] [8] attribute to Babylonian mathematics (2000–1600 BC). Antoine Voisin published a table of quarter squares from 1 to 1000 in 1817 as an aid in multiplication.
For each square, cells with the same colour (excluding grey) sum to the magic constant. Note *: The second requirement of most-perfect magic squares imply that any 2 cells that are 2 cells diagonally apart (including wraparound) sum to half the magic constant, hence any 2 such pairs also sum to the magic constant. Width: 100%: Height: 100%
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The numbers are based on a $50 a square game, with a $625 payout for the 1st and 3rd quarters, a $1,250 payout for halftime, and a $2,500 payout for the end of the game. (The cells are colored ...
A most-perfect magic square of order n is a magic square containing the numbers 1 to n 2 with two additional properties: Each 2 × 2 subsquare sums to 2 s , where s = n 2 + 1. All pairs of integers distant n /2 along a (major) diagonal sum to s .