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Indonesia used to be a net oil exporter. Oil is a major sector in the Indonesian economy. During the 1980s, Indonesia was a significant oil-exporting country. Since 2000, domestic consumption has continued to rise while production has been falling, so in recent years Indonesia has begun importing increasing amounts of oil.
All unrefined crude oil has some water entrained within it. During transportation by ship, separation occurs naturally and water collects at the base of the tank below the oil, this is known as free water (FW). [4] Sales contracts for crude oil will typically specify the BS&W and FW to ensure the cargo meets quality standards.
(The data below does not seem to include shale oil and other unconventional sources of oil such as tar sands. For instance, North America has over 3 trillion barrels of shale oil reserves, [ citation needed ] and the majority of oil produced in the US is from shale, leading to the paradoxical data below that the US will finish all its oil at ...
The volumes in the table represent crude oil and lease condensate, the hydrocarbon liquids collected at or near the wellhead. The volumes in this table does not include biofuel, refinery gain (the increase in liquid volumes during oil refining), or liquids separated from natural gas in gas processing plants (natural gas liquids). [1]
Indonesia's PT Pertamina will get an extra 225,000 barrels per day (bpd) of crude oil under a government plan requiring all contractors in the country to sell their output to the state energy firm ...
Indonesian Crude Price, or ICP, is a price index for crude oil from Indonesia. The ICP is determined by Dirjen Migas, based on moving average spot price of a basket of eight internationally traded Indonesia crudes: Minas; Cinta; Duri; Arjuna; Attaka; Widuri; Belida; Senipah; In some cases ICP is used as index in long term LNG contracts in East ...
[1] [2] Petroleum containing higher levels of sulfur is called sour crude oil. [3] In the Annual Energy Outlook crude type estimates, all Alaska and Gulf of Mexico oil production is assumed to be API gravity 27-35 degrees and medium sour. Northeast crude oil production consists of approximately 30% API 27-35 medium-sour and 60% API 35-40 sour.
Saturate, Aromatic, Resin and Asphaltene (SARA) is an analysis method that divides crude oil components according to their polarizability and polarity. The saturate fraction consists of nonpolar material including linear, branched, and cyclic saturated hydrocarbons ( paraffins ).