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The cochlear duct (a.k.a. the scala media) is an endolymph filled cavity inside the cochlea, located between the tympanic duct and the vestibular duct, separated by the basilar membrane and the vestibular membrane (Reissner's membrane) respectively. The cochlear duct houses the organ of Corti. [1]
Endolymph is the fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The major cation in endolymph is potassium, with the values of sodium and potassium concentration in the endolymph being 0.91 mM and 154 mM, respectively. [1] It is also called Scarpa's fluid, after Antonio Scarpa. [2]
the cochlear duct or scala media (containing endolymph) a region of high potassium ion concentration that the stereocilia of the hair cells project into; The helicotrema, the location where the tympanic duct and the vestibular duct merge, at the apex of the cochlea; Reissner's membrane, which separates the vestibular duct from the cochlear duct
Perilymph is the fluid contained within the bony labyrinth, surrounding and protecting the membranous labyrinth; perilymph resembles extracellular fluid in composition (sodium salts are the predominant positive electrolyte) and, via the cochlear aqueduct (sometimes referred to as the "perilymphatic duct"), is in continuity with cerebrospinal fluid.
The lateral wall of the cochlear duct is formed by the spiral ligament and the stria vascularis, which produces the endolymph. The hair cells develop from the lateral and medial ridges of the cochlear duct, which together with the tectorial membrane make up the organ of Corti. [6]
The stria vascularis is part of the lateral wall of the cochlear duct. [1] It is a somewhat stratified epithelium containing primarily three cell types: marginal cells, [1] which are involved in K + transport, and line the endolymphatic space of the scala media. intermediate cells, [1] which are pigment-containing cells scattered among capillaries.
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