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Polish is subdivided into regional dialects and maintains strict T–V distinction pronouns, honorifics, and various forms of formalities when addressing individuals. [16] The traditional 32-letter Polish alphabet has nine additions (ą, ć, ę, ł, ń, ó, ś, ź, ż) to the letters of the basic 26-letter Latin alphabet, while removing three ...
It is co-published by the Polish Scrabble Federation (Polish: Polska Federacja Scrabble) and the Polish Scientific Publishers PWN. It is also the first dictionary intended to cover a relatively complete range of Polish vocabulary in all conjugations. [1] The first edition of OSPS was published in 1998, with the second published in 2005.
The Polish alphabet (Polish: alfabet polski, abecadło) is the script of the Polish language, the basis for the Polish system of orthography. It is based on the Latin alphabet but includes certain letters (9) with diacritics : the acute accent – kreska : ć, ń, ó, ś, ź ; the overdot – kropka : ż ; the tail or ogonek – ą, ę ; and ...
This dictionary covers vocabulary from the last 150 years of Bulgarian and is compiled and edited by linguistics (primarily native lexicographers and lexicologists) from The Institute for the Bulgarian Language (part of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences). It includes basic, commonly used, literary, colloquial, dialectical, archaic and obsolete ...
Polish does not regularly place nouns together to form compound noun expressions. Equivalents to such expressions are formed using noun-derived adjectives (as in sok pomarańczowy , "orange juice", where pomarańczowy is an adjective derived from pomarańcza "orange"), or using prepositional phrases or (equivalently) a noun in the genitive or ...
to add – dodać; to allow – zezwolić; to appear – pojawić się; to ask – zapytać; to be – być; to become – zostać; to begin – na początek
Examples for infinitives in Polish include "być", "czytać", and "brać". If a verb includes a prefix, then it is generally conjugated like the unprefixed verb, although sometimes the prefix may change its form (e.g. z(e) + brać: infinitive zebrać, but present tense zbiorę etc.)
Polish contrasts affricates and stop–fricative clusters [39] by the fricative components being consistently longer in clusters than in affricates. [ 40 ] [ 41 ] Stops in clusters may have either a plosive release accompanied by a weak aspiration or a fricated release (as in an affricate) depending on the rate of speech and individual speech ...