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Domestic barley has also been found, in the Zagros Mountains, at the neolithic sites of Ali Kosh (Iran) and Jarmo (Iraq), dated between 7000 and 8000 BC, and in South Asia at the neolithic site of Mehrgarh (Pakistan) from about 7000 BC. [2] 6th millennium BC: Cotton is domesticated in the Old World in neolithic Mehrgarh, Pakistan.
The history of South America is the study of the past, particularly the written record, oral histories, and traditions, passed down from generation to generation on the continent of South America. The continent continues to be home to indigenous peoples, some of whom built high civilizations prior to the arrival of Europeans in the late 1400s ...
In South America, agriculture began as early as 9000 BC, starting with the cultivation of several species of plants that later became only minor crops. In the Andes of South America, the potato was domesticated between 8000 BC and 5000 BC, along with beans , squash , tomatoes , peanuts , coca , llamas , alpacas , and guinea pigs .
Ruins of the Tell es-Sultan site, Jericho. Little is known about the beginnings of agriculture in the Near Eastern Neolithic before the 1950s, when three major excavations identified and dated sites such as Jericho (Tell es-Sultan in the West Bank), excavated by Kathleen Kenyon, Beidha (), excavated by Diana Kirkbride, and Jarmo (northern Iraq), excavated by Robert John Braidwood.
Legumes were cultivated on all continents but cereals made up most of the regular diet: rice in East Asia, wheat and barley in the Middle east, and maize in Central and South America. By Greco-Roman times, popular food plants of today, including grapes, apples, figs, and olives, were being listed as named varieties in early manuscripts. [7]
The history of Asia can be seen as the collective history of several distinct peripheral coastal regions such as East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Middle East linked by the interior mass of the Eurasian steppe. See History of the Middle East and History of the Indian Subcontinent for further details on those regions.
In the period of the Neolithic Revolution, roughly 8000-4000 BCE, [11] Agro pastoralism in India included threshing, planting crops in rows and storing grain in granaries. [3] [12] Barley —either of two or of six rows— and wheat cultivation—along with the rearing of cattle, sheep and goat—was visible in Mehrgarh by 8000-6000 BCE.
South Asia Timetable Timeline and cultural period Westcoast Northwestern Sub-continent (West Punjab-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) Indo-Gangetic Plain: Central India Deccan Plateau: Southern India: Western Gangetic Plain (Kurukshetra) Northern India (Central Gangetic Plain) Northeastern India South Asian Stone Age (until c. 3300 BCE)