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To change fingers on a key, the shorter finger is usually moved under the longer one in a quick motion. While finger substitution is a standard part of both piano and pipe organ pedagogy, performance practice experts argue that it was rarely done before the 18th century; instead, players simply relocated the hand or fingers to a new position.
Cross-stringing (sometimes called overstringing) is a method of arranging piano strings inside the case of a piano so that the strings are placed in a vertically overlapping slanted arrangement, with two heights of bridges on the soundboard instead of just one.
On a string instrument, shifting, or a shift, is a movement of the fingers of the left hand from one position to another on the same string. When done skillfully shifting avoids string noise. A shift is usually indicated by a fingering number (1–4) on the first note after the shift.
On a guitar, for example, the same pitch can be played on a heavier, over-wound string, rather than a plain single-wire string (solid wire string). The note played on the heavier string will sound significantly different from one played on a single wire string, so playing the same pitch on differently made strings in short succession can ...
Aliquot stringing is the use of extra, un-struck strings in a piano for the purpose of enriching the tone. Aliquot systems use an additional (hence fourth) string in each note of the top three piano octaves. This string is positioned slightly above the other three strings so that it is not struck by the hammer.
string piano, i.e. hitting or plucking the strings directly or any other direct manipulation of the strings; sound icon, i.e. placing a piano on its side and bowing the strings with horsehair and other materials; whistling, singing or talking into the piano (with depressed sustain pedal) silently depressing one or more keys, allowing the ...
In the 18th and early 19th centuries, the piano had evolved to have three strings to most notes. The soft pedal of this time was more effective than today, since it was possible to use it to strike three, two, or even just one string per note—this is the origin of the name una corda (Italian for 'one string'). In modern pianos, the strings ...
In the acoustic piano, harpsichord, and clavichord, the vibrating element is a metal wire or string; in many non-digital electric pianos, it is a tapered metal tine (Rhodes piano) or reed (Wurlitzer electric piano) with one end clamped and the other free to vibrate.