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Groundwater recharge is an important process for sustainable groundwater management, since the volume-rate abstracted from an aquifer in the long term should be less than or equal to the volume-rate that is recharged. Recharge can help move excess salts that accumulate in the root zone to deeper soil layers, or into the groundwater system.
The artesian zone, [8] where water springs from wells naturally due to the higher elevation of the recharge zone, extends 10 to 20 miles (15 to 30 km) south on the west end to only a few miles south on the east end. Across the eastern half of the aquifer, the recharge and artesian zones occupy common area.
The vadose zone is often the main factor controlling water movement from the land surface to the aquifer. Thus, it strongly affects the rate of aquifer recharge and is critical for the use and management of groundwater.
An unconfined aquifer has no impermeable barrier immediately above it, such that the water level can rise in response to recharge. A confined aquifer has an overlying impermeable barrier that prevents the water level in the aquifer from rising any higher. An aquifer in the same geologic unit may be confined in one area and unconfined in another.
Not all aquifers are artesian (i.e., water table aquifers occur where the groundwater level at the top of the aquifer is at equilibrium with atmospheric pressure). Aquifers recharge when the water table at its recharge zone is at a higher elevation than the head of the well.
California’s San Joaquin Valley may be sinking nearly an inch per year due to the over-pumping of groundwater supplies, with resource extraction outpacing natural recharge, a new study has found.
They said much of the water was used for groundwater recharge. Some water also flowed in ditches to nature areas, such as the Kaweah Oaks Preserve. Gleick pointed out that the Tulare Basin is ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 1 February 2025. Water located beneath the ground surface An illustration showing groundwater in aquifers (in blue) (1, 5 and 6) below the water table (4), and three different wells (7, 8 and 9) dug to reach it. Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth's surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in ...