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a "zero tolerance" approach to food fraud or food crime; a focus on intelligence gathering; the role of laboratory services; the value of audit and assurance regimes; targeted government support for the integrity and assurance of food supply networks; leadership, and; crisis management in response to any serious food safety or food crime ...
Isoelectronicity is a phenomenon observed when two or more molecules have the same structure (positions and connectivities among atoms) and the same electronic configurations, but differ by what specific elements are at certain locations in the structure. For example, CO, NO +, and N 2 are isoelectronic, while CH 3 COCH 3 and CH 3 N = NCH 3 are ...
In drug discovery, either a large series of structural analogs of an initial lead compound are created and tested as part of a structure–activity relationship study [5] or a database is screened for structural analogs of a lead compound. [6] Chemical analogues of illegal drugs are developed and sold in
English: These Regulations implement Council Directive 93-43-EEC of the 14th June 1993 on the hygiene of foodstuffs, except for the requirements of paragraphs 4 and 5 of Chapter IX of the Annex to that Directive (which relate to temperature controls) and for the requirements in that Directive which relate to imports which are likely to pose a serious risk to human health and which come from ...
The Bureau of Chemistry separated into two divisions in 1927, one of which was called the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). [16] As a new organization, the FDA had little legal control when enforcing the few regulatory food safety laws. However, an incident in the late 1930s improved the FDA's control over food and drugs.
1937 Elixir sulfanilamide incident: S. E. Massengill Company used diethylene glycol as the solvent for the antibacterial sulfanilamide, leading to the 1938 passage of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. [2] [3] 1942, Nose droppers were found to be contaminated by users to the detriment of subsequent users.
Aside from the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 and the Harrison Act of 1914 banning the sale of some narcotic drugs, there was no federal regulatory control in the United States of America for drugs until Congress enacted the 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in response to the elixir sulfanilamide poisonings.
For example, a chloride -Cl group may often be replaced by a trifluoromethyl -CF 3 group or by a cyano -C≡N group. Depending on the particular molecule used, the substitution may result in little change in activity, or either increased or decreased affinity or efficacy - depending on what factors are important for ligand binding to the target ...
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