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The Luwian god Tarḫunz worshipped by the Iron Age Neo-Hittite states was closely related to Tarḫunna, [19] Personal names referring to Tarḫunz, like "Trokondas", are attested into Roman times. [20] Tarhunna has also been identified with the later Armenian and Roman god, Jupiter Dolichenus. [21]
"Luwian" is an exonym first used by the Hittites as an "ethno-linguistic term referring to the area where Luwian was spoken" [1] in Bronze Age Anatolia. It has been suggested that the name is a foreign ethnic designation ( Assyrian ) borrowed from another foreign ethnic designation ( Hurrian ) - nuwā-um . [ 2 ]
Luwian religion was the religious and mythological beliefs and practices of the Luwians, an Indo-European people of Asia Minor, which is detectable from the Bronze Age until the early Roman Empire. It was strongly affected by foreign influence in all periods and it is not possible to clearly separate it from neighbouring cultures, particularly ...
In the Iron Age, she nonetheless became the main goddess in the Luwian pantheon. [15] Possibly in the aftermath of the fall of the Hittite Empire, Hurrian and Luwian traditions mixed, leading to the formation of the late form of the Luwian pantheon, which included her. [72] She continued to be worshiped in Carchemish. [73]
The local pantheon was apparently jointly headed by him and Šauška. [112] In some of the offering lists from Nuzi linked to this location he is preceded by the deity Kurwe, who might have been the city god of Azuḫinnu. [113] Kumarbi’s name is not common in the Hurrian onomasticon. [88]
Most of the theophoric names invoking him are Luwian. [1] According to Piotr Taracha, while there was no single Luwian pantheon, attestations of him are known from all areas inhabited by Luwians, similarly as in the case of major deities such as Tarḫunz, Arma, Tiwad, Iyarri, Kamrušepa or Maliya. [26]
By 1915, with the Luwian language known from cuneiform, and a substantial quantity of Anatolian hieroglyphs transcribed and published, linguists started to make real progress in reading the script. [12] In the 1930s, it was partially deciphered by Ignace Gelb, Piero Meriggi, Emil Forrer, and Bedřich Hrozný.
In hieroglyphic Luwian it could be rendered as 80+má, 80+mi, 81+r-ma or sa 5 +r+ru-ma, with 80 and 81 being modern designations for two Luwian signs resembling the lower half of the human body. [4]