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The endocannabinoid system, broadly speaking, includes: Endocannabinoids, which are the physiological ligands, or connecting substances, for the cannabinoid receptors.The main endocannabinoids are anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamide) and 2-AG (2-arachidonoylglycerol), which are in the same class of chemical compounds, called N-acylethanolamines (NAEs).
The Endocannabinoid System (ECS) regulates many functions of the human body. The ECS plays an important role in multiple aspects of neural functions, including the control of movement and motor coordination, learning and memory, emotion and motivation, addictive-like behavior and pain modulation, among others.
Cannabinoid receptors are activated by cannabinoids, generated naturally inside the body (endocannabinoids) or introduced into the body as cannabis or a related synthetic compound. [10] Similar responses are produced when introduced in alternative methods, only in a more concentrated form than what is naturally occurring.
Anandamide, the first discovered endocannabinoid, engages with the body's endocannabinoid system by binding to the same cannabinoid receptors that THC found in cannabis acts on. Anandamide can be found within tissues in a wide range of animals. [1] [2] It has also been found in plants, such as the cacao tree. [3]
Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), is a G protein-coupled cannabinoid receptor that in humans is encoded by the CNR1 gene. [5] And discovered, by determination and characterization in 1988, [6] and cloned in 1990 for the first time.
Cannabinol (CBN) is a mildly psychoactive phytocannabinoid that acts as a low affinity partial agonist at both CB 1 and CB 2 receptors.This activity at CB 1 and CB 2 receptors constitutes interaction of CBN with the endocannabinoid system (ECS).
The cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), is a G protein-coupled receptor from the cannabinoid receptor family that in humans is encoded by the CNR2 gene. [5] [6] It is closely related to the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), which is largely responsible for the efficacy of endocannabinoid-mediated presynaptic-inhibition, the psychoactive properties of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active agent in ...
The endogenous cannabinoid system includes cannabinoid receptors, their endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids) and enzymes for their synthesis and degradation. [13]There are two main receptor types associated with the endocannabinoid signaling system: cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB 1) and 2 (CB 2).