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Kapiti Island (), sometimes written as Kāpiti Island, [1] is an island nature reserve located 5.6 km (3 mi) off the west coast of the lower North Island of New Zealand and within the Kāpiti Coast District. Parts of the island were previously farmed, but it is now a predator-free sanctuary for endemic birds, including many endangered birds.
Ngā Manu Nature Reserve is a nature and wildlife reserve in Waikanae, New Zealand, on the Kāpiti Coast of the North Island. In addition to offering a sanctuary for native birds and other animals, the 14 hectares (35 acres) reserve preserves the largest remnant of coastal lowland swamp forest on the Kāpiti Coast. [1]
Trumpeter swan, re-introduced successfully to areas of the United States and Canada; Mute swan, introduced successfully to North America, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, United Arab Emirates and Japan [2] introduced unsuccessfully to the Hawaiian Islands
The taxonomic treatment [3] (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) used in the accompanying bird lists adheres to the conventions of the AOS's (2019) Check-list of North American Birds, the recognized scientific authority on the taxonomy and nomenclature of North America birds.
The first illustration of the South Island takahē from Gideon and Walter Mantell's notice of the discovery in 1850. Anatomist Richard Owen was sent fossil bird bones found in 1847 in South Taranaki on the North Island by collector Walter Mantell, and in 1848 he coined the genus Notornis ("southern bird") for them, naming the new species Notornis mantelli. [6]
Further, with the advance of European settlement, birds were killed by prospectors and others for food and their attendant dogs and cats took their toll. The species was extinct on the North Island by 1938 when the last four South Island birds were moved from d'Urville Island to the population that had been established on Kapiti Island. [7]
This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds. This article covers western North America, i.e. the regions of the United States and Canada which lie west of the Great Plains.
The rest of the species is confined to Stewart Island / Rakiura and a number of offshore islands (such as Kapiti Island, Tiritiri Matangi Island [11] and Matiu / Somes Island) as well as the Auckland Islands to the south. The other subspecies live on their respective islands, namely the Kermadec Islands and the Chatham Islands. [3]