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A variational autoencoder is a generative model with a prior and noise distribution respectively. Usually such models are trained using the expectation-maximization meta-algorithm (e.g. probabilistic PCA , (spike & slab) sparse coding).
The regularization parameter plays a critical role in the denoising process. When =, there is no smoothing and the result is the same as minimizing the sum of squares.As , however, the total variation term plays an increasingly strong role, which forces the result to have smaller total variation, at the expense of being less like the input (noisy) signal.
A minimum description length autoencoder (MDL-AE) is an advanced variation of the traditional autoencoder, which leverages principles from information theory, specifically the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle. The MDL principle posits that the best model for a dataset is the one that provides the shortest combined encoding of the ...
Left: original crop from raw image taken at ISO800, Middle: Denoised using bm3d-gpu (sigma=10, twostep), Right: Denoised using darktable 2.4.0 profiled denoise (non-local means and wavelets blend) Block-matching and 3D filtering (BM3D) is a 3-D block-matching algorithm used primarily for noise reduction in images . [ 1 ]
Stable Diffusion consists of 3 parts: the variational autoencoder (VAE), U-Net, and an optional text encoder. [17] The VAE encoder compresses the image from pixel space to a smaller dimensional latent space, capturing a more fundamental semantic meaning of the image. [16]
The discriminator (usually a convolutional network, but other networks are allowed) attempts to decide if an image is an original real image, or a reconstructed image by the ViT. The idea is essentially the same as vector quantized variational autoencoder (VQVAE) plus generative adversarial network (GAN).
Each image is a point in the space of all images, and the distribution of naturally-occurring photos is a "cloud" in space, which, by repeatedly adding noise to the images, diffuses out to the rest of the image space, until the cloud becomes all but indistinguishable from a Gaussian distribution (,). A model that can approximately undo the ...
Non-local means is an algorithm in image processing for image denoising. Unlike "local mean" filters, which take the mean value of a group of pixels surrounding a target pixel to smooth the image, non-local means filtering takes a mean of all pixels in the image, weighted by how similar these pixels are to the target pixel. This results in much ...