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[9] [10] [11] Puberty that starts earlier than usual is known as precocious puberty, and puberty which starts later than usual is known as delayed puberty. Notable among the morphologic changes in size, shape, composition, and functioning of the pubertal body, is the development of secondary sex characteristics, the "filling in" of the child's ...
Among researchers who study puberty, the Tanner scale is commonly considered the "gold standard" for assessing pubertal status when it is conducted by a trained medical examiner. [5] In HIV treatment, the Tanner scale is used to determine which regimen to follow for pediatric or adolescent patients on antiretroviral therapy (adult, adolescent ...
Early puberty also puts girls at a higher risk for teasing or bullying, mental health disorders and short stature as adults. [19] [39] [56] Girls as young as 8 are increasingly starting to menstruate, develop breasts and grow pubic and underarm hair; these "biological milestones" typically occurred only at 13 or older in the past. African ...
The average age of onset of puberty is 10–11 for girls and 11–12 for boys. [10] [11] Every person's individual timetable for puberty is influenced primarily by heredity, although environmental factors, such as diet and exercise, also exert some influences. [12] [13] These factors can also contribute to precocious and delayed puberty. [14] [13]
However, premature pubarche may also arise independently of adrenarche. Premature pubarche is a subset of precocious puberty which divide into 1) true precocious puberty that includes complete and central precocious puberty and 2) incomplete puberty which has 3 subsets: premature thelacrche, premature pubarche and isolated menarche. [13]
Until the maturation of their reproductive capabilities, the pre-pubertal physical differences between boys and girls are the external sex organs. On average, girls begin puberty around ages 10–11 and end puberty around 15–17; boys begin around ages 11–12 and end around 16–17.
In girls, the adrenal androgens of adrenarche produce most of the early androgenic changes of puberty: pubic hair, body odor, skin oiliness, and acne. In most girls the early androgen effects coincide with, or are a few months following, the earliest estrogenic effects of gonadal puberty (breast development and growth acceleration).
Constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) is a term describing a temporary delay in the skeletal growth and thus height of a child with no physical abnormalities causing the delay. [1] Short stature may be the result of a growth pattern inherited from a parent (familial) or occur for no apparent reason (idiopathic).