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The English Poor Laws [2] were a system of poor relief in England and Wales [3] that developed out of the codification of late-medieval and Tudor-era laws in 1587–1598. The system continued until the modern welfare state emerged in the late 1940s.
The Poor Relief Act 1601 [1] (43 Eliz. 1.c. 2) was an Act of the Parliament of England. The Act for the Relief of the Poor 1601, popularly known as the Elizabethan Poor Law, the "43rd Elizabeth", [a] or the "Old Poor Law", [b] was passed in 1601 and created a poor law system for England and Wales.
1832 - The Royal Commission into the Operation of the Poor Laws begins its investigation into the Poor Law system; 1834 - Poor Law Amendment Act passed; 1842 - Outdoor Labour Test Order allows outdoor relief despite the Poor Law Amendment Act's ban on it; 1844 - Outdoor Relief Prohibitory Order issued to further discourage outdoor relief; 1847 ...
The Local Government Act 1929 abolished poor law unions and transferred the administration of poor relief to local government, leaving the poor law system largely redundant. In 1934 the Unemployment Assistance Board gained responsibility for the unemployed, and from 1945-1948 the modern welfare state was introduced, including the National ...
The Act of Settlement 1662 restricted poor relief to long-term residents or those born in a parish. In the 18th century, some parishes formed unions to build workhouses for the poor who were able to work. [2] The Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 established a stricter workhouse system and created unions of parishes administered by boards of guardians.
The 1832 Royal Commission into the Operation of the Poor Laws was a group set up to decide how to change the Poor Law systems in England and Wales. The group included Nassau Senior , a professor from Oxford University who was against the allowance system , and Edwin Chadwick , who was a Benthamite .
The concept of parish settlement has been characterised as "incompatible with the newly developing industrial system", because it hindered internal migration to factory towns. [2] It was finally repealed by section 245 of, and schedule 11 to, the Poor Law Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 14) and by the Statute Law Revision Act 1948.
The National Assistance Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6.c. 29) is an Act of Parliament passed in the United Kingdom by the Labour government of Clement Attlee.It formally abolished the Poor Law system that had existed since the reign of Elizabeth I, [1] and established a social safety net for those who did not pay national insurance contributions (such as the homeless, the physically disabled, and ...