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The evolutionary history of EFL is unclear. It may have arisen one or more times followed by loss of EFL or EF-1α. The presence in three diverse eukaryotic groups (fungi, chromalveolates, and archaeplastida) is supposed to be the result of two or more horizontal gene transfer events, according to a 2009 review. [5]
[5] [6] This gene encodes an isoform of the alpha subunit of the elongation factor-1 complex, which is responsible for the enzymatic delivery of aminoacyl tRNAs to the ribosome. This isoform (alpha 1) is expressed in brain, placenta, lung, liver, kidney, and pancreas, and the other isoform (alpha 2) is expressed in brain, heart and skeletal muscle.
Eukaryotic translation is the biological process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in eukaryotes. It consists of four phases: initiation, elongation, termination, and recapping. It consists of four phases: initiation, elongation, termination, and recapping.
Note that EIF5A, the archaeal and eukaryotic homolog to EF-P, was named as an initiation factor but now considered an elongation factor as well. [ 6 ] In addition to their cytoplasmic machinery, eukaryotic mitochondria and plastids have their own translation machinery, each with their own set of bacterial-type elongation factors.
The process is widely agreed to have involved symbiogenesis, in which an archaeon and a bacterium came together to create the first eukaryotic common ancestor (FECA). This cell had a new level of complexity and capability, with a nucleus, at least one centriole and cilium , facultatively aerobic mitochondria , sex ( meiosis and syngamy ), a ...
Eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are proteins or protein complexes involved in the initiation phase of eukaryotic translation. These proteins help stabilize the formation of ribosomal preinitiation complexes around the start codon and are an important input for post-transcription gene regulation .
55949 Ensembl ENSG00000114942 ENSG00000283391 ENSMUSG00000025967 UniProt P24534 O70251 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_021121 NM_001037663 NM_001959 NM_018796 RefSeq (protein) NP_001032752 NP_001950 NP_066944 NP_061266 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 206.16 – 206.16 Mb Chr 1: 63.22 – 63.22 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Elongation factor 1-beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by ...
13629 Ensembl ENSG00000167658 ENSMUSG00000034994 UniProt P13639 P58252 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001961 NM_007907 RefSeq (protein) NP_001952 NP_031933 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 3.98 – 3.99 Mb Chr 10: 81.01 – 81.02 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF2 gene. It is the archaeal and eukaryotic ...