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The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival during the late 18th to early 19th century in the United States. It spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching and sparked a number of reform movements. Revivals were a key part of the movement and attracted hundreds of converts to new Protestant denominations.
A spirit of amnesty made possible the church's survival after the war. The divisiveness was also healed when the church sent members on an extensive foreign missions program in the early 19th century. In 1792, the classis adopted a formal constitution; and in 1794 the denomination held its first general synod. Following the American Civil War ...
Anti-Catholic animus in the United States reached a peak in the 19th century when the Protestant population became alarmed by the influx of Catholic immigrants. Fearing the end of time , some American Protestants who believed they were God's chosen people , went so far as to claim that the Catholic Church was the Whore of Babylon in the Book of ...
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In the 19th century, churches based on or influenced by Calvin's theology became deeply involved in social reforms, e.g. the abolition of slavery (William Wilberforce, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Abraham Lincoln, and others), women suffrage, and prison reforms. [160] [161] Members of these churches formed co-operatives to help the impoverished ...
[6]: 6 Campbell's conceptions were postmillennial, as he anticipated that the progress of the church and society would lead to an age of peace and righteousness before the return of Christ. [ 6 ] : 6 This optimistic approach meant that, in addition to his commitment to primitivism, he had a progressive strand in his thinking.
Up until the early 19th century, Reformed churches ministered to German immigrants with a broadly Calvinist theology and plain liturgy. However, revivals , inspired by Anglo-Saxon Protestant churches during the Great Awakenings of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, influenced the development of the Reformed churches, especially in frontier ...
The Second Great Awakening of the early 19th century led to what historian Martin Marty calls the "Evangelical Empire", a period in which evangelicals dominated U.S. cultural institutions, including schools and universities. Evangelicals of this era in the northern United States were strong advocates of reform.