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Heat-affected zone around a weld. In fusion welding, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is the area of base material, either a metal or a thermoplastic, which is not melted but has had its microstructure and properties altered by welding or heat intensive cutting operations. The heat from the welding process and subsequent re-cooling causes this ...
The addition of scandium to aluminium limits grain growth in the heat-affected zone of welded aluminium components. This has two beneficial effects: the precipitated Al 3 Sc forms smaller crystals than in other aluminium alloys, [2] and the volume of precipitate-free zones at the grain boundaries of age-hardening aluminium alloys is reduced. [2]
The heat-affected zone (HAZ) is a ring surrounding the weld in which the temperature of the welding process, combined with the stresses of uneven heating and cooling, alters the heat-treatment properties of the alloy. The effects of welding on the material surrounding the weld can be detrimental—depending on the materials used and the heat ...
Aluminium alloys are susceptible to hot cracking, and to combat the problem, welders increase the welding speed to lower the heat input. Preheating reduces the temperature gradient across the weld zone and thus helps reduce hot cracking, but it can reduce the mechanical properties of the base material and should not be used when the base ...
Some codes require testing of welded objects 48 hours after the welding process. This type of crack is usually observed in the heat affected zone (HAZ), especially with carbon steel, which has limited hardenability. For other alloy steels, with a high degree of hardenability, cold cracking could occur in both the weld metal and the HAZ.
The region from one TMAZ/HAZ boundary to the other is often referred to as the "TMAZ thickness" or the plastically affected zone (PAZ). For the remainder of this article this region will be referred to as the PAZ." [52] Zones: WCZ– weld center zone, HAZ – heat affected zone, TMAZ – Thermo-Mechanically Affected Zone,